Behaviors Immediately before Occupational Fall Accidents

نویسندگان

چکیده

休業4日以上の労働災害において転倒は,現在では4件に1件の割合で発生しており,最も身近であり防止すべき労働災害である.労働環境の改善や運動の啓発等の努力がなされているものの,転倒災害が減少する兆しが見られない.そのため,さらなる転倒リスクの低減の方向性として,これまでほぼ考慮されてこなかった転倒発生直前での被災者の行動様式に着目し,行動様式が転倒リスクに及ぼす影響を明らかにする必要がある.そこで,本研究では,厚労省公開の職場のあんぜんサイトのデータより, 2017年の休業4日以上の事故の型が転倒の労働災害7,167件を対象に,転倒発生直前の行動様式を集計・分類し,今後の災害防止を効果的に推進するために必要な基礎的な情報を得るために分析した.集計は年代別,業種別,転倒の原因別,とりわけ代表的な転倒原因であるすべりの原因別に行った.傾向として,全業種では,若壮年から中年にかけて,水系で濡れた床面に対して複雑動作でのすべり転倒リスクが高く,凍結・積雪面に対して純粋歩行でのすべり転倒リスクが高い.高年齢になると,ながら歩行でのすべり転倒リスクが高い.また,若壮年では,ながら歩行でのつまずき転倒リスクが高く,中年では,各種歩行中のつまずき転倒リスクが高い.また,若壮年では,ながら歩行での踏み外し転倒リスクが高い.さらに,小売業,社会福祉施設,陸上貨物運送事業では,行動様式による転倒リスクの傾向が各業種特有の作業内容・環境に依存することが分かった.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Occupational Safety and Health

سال: 2023

ISSN: ['1883-678X', '1882-6822']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2486/josh.josh-2022-0021-ge